The current models of integration in Europe represent a particular public law arrangement of vertical communication between the Council of Europe and the European Union towards the constitutional systems of sovereign member States. The relative constitutional autonomy of Member States is functionally associated
with the identity of two European international systems that contain a conventional substance comparable to the constitutional rights usual in federal states (the institutional separation of powers and the regulation of rights and freedoms of citizens). These processes suggest the constitutionalization of Europe and allow the use of constitutional law in order to examine the European Union as
a test of supra-state international union different from ordinary statehood.
European Commission
European Council
European Parliament
European Court of Justice
European Court of Human Rights
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union
Maastricht Treaty
Schengen Agreement
Prof. et Doc. JUDr. Karel Klíma, CSc., dr. hab. is a university professor specializing in constitutional law. He is the head of the Legal Specialisations and Public Administration at the Metropolitan University in Prague.
Long time member of the Council of the International Association of Constitutional Law (IACL), member of the Academy of Comparative Law, member of the World Jurist Association and its President of the Section of the Law Professors.
Email: advokatikhklima@gmail.com
