This paper provides an overview of the preliminary questions referred by ordinary and administrative Czech courts within the five-year period of accession to the European Union. In the first part, it deals with the procedural aspects of referring the preliminary questions and options used by the national courts. Secondly, it
briefly summarizes all the referred preliminary questions, considering those from civil law in more detail. Furthermore, it analyzes the decision of the Czech Constitutional Court, which expressed its opinion on the issue of nonreferring to the Supreme Court in the preliminary question of a breach of the constitutional right to a fair trial. Finally, it presents two cases where the national courts argued that there was no need for referring the question.